Israel reported using white phosphorus in Lebanon as fighting intensifies

Israeli military forces have reportedly used white phosphorus in areas near Lebanese cities and towns, according to reports from the region.

White phosphorus is a chemical compound that ignites when exposed to oxygen. The substance produces a thick white smoke used for illumination and creating concealment during military operations. When deployed, it descends in particles that can burn at high temperatures.

International law does not prohibit white phosphorus use. However, legal restrictions do apply to how militaries deploy it. The substance cannot legally be used in ways that cause indiscriminate harm to civilians or civilian infrastructure.

Human rights organizations and weapons experts have documented instances where white phosphorus caused severe burns and other injuries in civilian areas. When deployed over populated regions, the substance can affect a wide area, making it difficult to limit harm to military targets alone.

The Geneva Conventions govern the use of white phosphorus in combat. Military forces must take steps to minimize civilian casualties when using any weapon, including phosphorus-based munitions. If troops deploy white phosphorus knowing it will harm civilians disproportionately to any military advantage gained, it violates international humanitarian law.

Medical professionals have reported treating patients with white phosphorus injuries, which can require specialized care. The burns differ from conventional fire injuries and can embed particles in skin and tissue.

The reported use comes as Israeli military operations in the region have expanded. Lebanon's government and international observers have raised concerns about civilian impact from the operations.